2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）

英 語(yǔ)

語(yǔ)法填空

1.voiced【解析：該句缺少謂語(yǔ)，且根據(jù)首句可知應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故填voiced?！?/p>

2.facing【解析：該空所在處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法，且根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示主動(dòng)動(dòng)作，故填現(xiàn)在分詞形式?！?/p>

3.myself【解析：此處指自言自語(yǔ)，且空前為介詞to，故填myself。】

4.marked【解析：此處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)的用法，此處指地球日被定在四月二十二日，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。】

5.in【解析：空后為年份，根據(jù)句意可知此處指第一次慶祝地球日是在1970年，所以此處填in?！?/p>

6.activities【解析：空前用various修飾，且activity為可數(shù)名詞，故此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！?/p>

7.suggests/suggested/has suggested【解析：此處沒(méi)有特殊用于某種時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，且句意并未明確指出進(jìn)行調(diào)查的時(shí)間，故一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)均可使用。主語(yǔ)是Research，故現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中要用單三形式?！?/p>

8.where【解析：經(jīng)過(guò)分析句子成分可知，空處所引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)與“What students do at college”并列，且根據(jù)空后的“they go”可以得知此處填where。】

9.who/that【解析：空后部分缺少主語(yǔ)，且此處為先行詞是those的定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為人，關(guān)系詞可用who也可用that?！?/p>

10.meaningful【解析：and連接并列成分，前面為healthy，故空處也應(yīng)填入形容詞，故填meaningful?！?/p>

閱讀理解

【文章大意】本文介紹了一位心系學(xué)生的教授，無(wú)償接送學(xué)生們，并因此成為學(xué)生們敬仰并親近的對(duì)象。

11.C【解析：第一段提到Wilson總會(huì)風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻地將家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)緊張的學(xué)生們送到課堂。此空后為“free rides”，可猜測(cè)此處指Wilson是向?qū)W生們“提供”免費(fèi)搭便車服務(wù)?！?/p>

12.D【解析：前文提到了“free rides”，故可知此處亦指這是Wilson免費(fèi)的、自發(fā)的行為，故選D。】

13.B【解析：pave意為“鋪平道路；鋪設(shè)；安排”；cover意為“遮蓋；延畢；涉及”；measure意為“測(cè)量；估量”；wander意為“漫步；漫游；游蕩”。該空后的64 000 miles暗示此處應(yīng)是指行程達(dá)到了6.4萬(wàn)英里（約10萬(wàn)千米），故選B?！?/p>

14.D【解析：argument意為“爭(zhēng)吵”；interview意為“面談/采訪”；negotiations意為“談判”；wander意為“漫步”。修飾此空的短語(yǔ)為countless以及pleasant and humorous，故應(yīng)指Wilson與他接送的學(xué)生們度過(guò)了數(shù)不清的、愉快且幽默的旅途，故此處選意思更符合句意的D?！?/p>

15.B【解析：前文一直在講Wilson無(wú)償接送學(xué)生們，故此處指他曾接送過(guò)的學(xué)生們學(xué)有所成，故選driven?！?/p>

16.A【解析：前句寫了學(xué)生們對(duì)于Wilson的敬重，故此處進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明學(xué)生對(duì)他的深厚感情，故選A。】

17.B【解析：earn意為“賺?。猾@得”；receive意為“收到；接到”；assess意為“評(píng)定；估價(jià)”；demand意為“要求；需要”。根據(jù)后文“the trips”可知她也曾接受過(guò)Wilson的恩惠。】

18.A【解析：提示詞同樣是“the trips”，故可知此處還是在說(shuō)Wilson的免費(fèi)接送，故選A?！?/p>

19.B【解析：由前文“just sitting here”和后面的“with your headphones on”可知此處指令人不愉快的沉默，故選B?！?/p>

20.D【解析：由后文的so可知前后文存在因果關(guān)系，故可猜測(cè)Wilson會(huì)記得這些答案并且會(huì)在下一次的談話中提及?！?/p>

21.C【解析：act on意為“對(duì)……起作用”；settle on意為“決定；選定；看中”；check on意為“上班；核實(shí)；檢查”；agree on意為“同意；商定”。上文提到Wilson會(huì)對(duì)乘客提問(wèn)并記下答案，故此處為下一次的路程中他會(huì)對(duì)答案進(jìn)行“核對(duì)；檢查”?！?/p>

22.D【解析：由前半句可知，Wilson參加了一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，因此是項(xiàng)目中要求他如何做，故選D。club“俱樂(lè)部”，league“聯(lián)盟”，college“大學(xué)”】

23.C【解析：根據(jù)后文可知，Wilson不止完成了項(xiàng)目中要求的，還超出要求做了很多工作，故選C?！?/p>

24.A【解析：由后文可知，Wilson為學(xué)生們買食物，提供幫助，故選A，意為“協(xié)助”?！?/p>

25.D【解析：由前半句可知，Wilson幫助學(xué)生們毫不猶豫，故選D，意為“猶豫，遲疑”?！?/p>

26.C【解析：A“額外的”；B“不尋常的”；C“必要的”；D“充足的”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義及句意“對(duì)于大多數(shù)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，威爾遜的幫助不僅受到賞識(shí)，而且對(duì)他們來(lái)完成學(xué)業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)很有必要”，符合句意，故選C?！?/p>

27.A【解析：A“分享”；B“供以燃料”；C“修理”；D“交換”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義來(lái)說(shuō)符合句意，故選A?！?/p>

28.B【解析：A“需要”；B“允許”；C“提醒”；D“使確信，說(shuō)服”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義來(lái)說(shuō)符合句意，故選B?！?/p>

29.A【解析：A“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)”；B“布置，整理”；C“欣賞”；D“雇用”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義及句意“但是對(duì)于威爾遜來(lái)說(shuō)，他從這些經(jīng)歷中獲益良多”，符合句意，故選A?！?/p>

30.C【解析：A“努力”；B“野心”；C“特權(quán)，優(yōu)待”；D“便利”，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)含義及句意“威爾遜說(shuō)，這對(duì)于那些孩子來(lái)說(shuō)是一種優(yōu)待”，符合句意，故選C?！?/p>

閱讀

A.

【文章大意】本文是關(guān)于公益組織GDA的介紹以及將要舉辦項(xiàng)目的介紹。

31.C【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句中effective running of our programmes可知，志愿者經(jīng)理主要負(fù)責(zé)項(xiàng)目的有效推進(jìn)，故選C?！?/p>

32.D【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)圖表可知八月開(kāi)始的項(xiàng)目之由一個(gè)在South Africa舉辦?！?/p>

33.D【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由文章第一段最后一句可知，GDA意在為貧困社區(qū)做一些福利工作，故選D?！?/p>

B.

【文章大意】本文記敘了Alice Moore作為年輕創(chuàng)業(yè)者發(fā)明AilieCandy的故事。

34. B【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)分析。根據(jù)文章第二段"Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?"可知，當(dāng)父親提醒她糖果會(huì)傷害牙齒的時(shí)候，她希望創(chuàng)造出不會(huì)被父母禁止的糖果，故選B?！?/p>

35.A【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)分析。根據(jù)本文第三段both tasty and tooth-friendly可知，Cancandy一大特點(diǎn)是對(duì)牙齒有益處?！?/p>

36.B【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)分析。根據(jù)文章第五段最后一句可知，She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. “她希望每一個(gè)孩子擁有清潔的牙齒的同時(shí)臉上能掛著很大的微笑?！?，故選B?！?/p>

37.C【解析：考查推理分析。從Moore的故事可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題的能力很積極迅速。因此，積極活躍的點(diǎn)子和實(shí)際行動(dòng)可以帶來(lái)成功符合原文，故選C?！?/p>

C

【文章大意】本文為讀者介紹了為何騷擾電話即將變得更加危險(xiǎn)。

38. D 【解析：根據(jù)第一段中“We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately，it's too little，too late.”可知，作者對(duì)騷擾電話的解決方法感到失望。故選D?！?/p>

39. A 【解析：根據(jù)第三段中“A decade of data breaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name ，and far more. Armed with? this? knowledge. they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.”并結(jié)合整個(gè)第三段可知，通過(guò)運(yùn)用新的技術(shù)，騙子可以了解到潛在受害人的更多的信息，從而精準(zhǔn)地定位目標(biāo)。故選A。】

40. B 【解析：文章主要講述了隨著科技的進(jìn)步，新的技術(shù)被研究出來(lái)，使騙子行騙更容易。因此暗示著科學(xué)技術(shù)具有兩面性。故選B?！?/p>

41. C 【解析：本文為讀者介紹了為何騷擾電話即將變得更加危險(xiǎn)。C選項(xiàng)概括了文章大意，適合做標(biāo)題。故選C?！?/p>

D.

【文章大意】本文解釋說(shuō)明了由于氣候變化海洋表面顏色變化的現(xiàn)象及原因。

42.B【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。 文章前兩段主要討論了海表面顏色變化的原因。故B選項(xiàng)符合原文?！?/p>

43.A【解析：考查詞義猜測(cè)。原文vulnerable意為“易受攻擊的; 易受傷的;”sensitive“敏感的; 易受影響的;”beneficial“有利的，有益的;”significant“重要的; 顯著的;”unnoticeable“不顯明[顯著]的;”，故選A?！?/p>

44.D【解析：考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)原文最后一段a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener可知，浮游植物多的地方海面會(huì)更綠，因此選D?！?/p>

45.C【解析：考查主旨大意。本文解釋說(shuō)明了由于氣候變化海洋表面顏色變化的現(xiàn)象及原因，故選C?！?/p>

絕密★啟用前

2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）

英 語(yǔ)

（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘? 試卷滿分：120分）

考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效。

考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）

第一節(jié) 語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

第一節(jié)? 語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題：每小題1. 5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

A

On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ?? 1?? （voice）my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ? 2?? （face） challenges. I know I will whisper to ? 3? （I） the two simple words “Be yourself”.

B

Earth Day，? 4? （mark）on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ? 5? 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地區(qū)）. No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various ? 6? （activity） on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save power—the possibilities are endless.

C

Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question ? 7? （suggest）that，for most students，it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ? 8? they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ? 9? are totally engaged（參與）in academic life. taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources（資源），Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ? 10? （meaning）college experience.

第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）

? 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.

A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ? 11? free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ? 12? his car to the young people. Wilson has ? 13? am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ? 14? with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ? 15? have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ? 16? call him “Grandpa”.

Tina Stern ? 17? rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free ? 18? . "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ? 19? silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ? 20? the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ? 21? those things."

Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ? 22? asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ? 23? to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.

Wilson is there to ? 24? them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ? 25? to buy them a meal.

For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ? 26? for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ? 27? vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ? 28? them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ? 29? . “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a（n） ? 30? to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories."

11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing

12. A. donatingB. lendingC. deliveringD. volunteering

13. A. paved B. coveredC. measured D. wandered

14. A. arguments B. interviewsC. negotiationsD. wandered

15. A. metB. drivenC. addressed D. conversations

16. A. evenB. everC. onceD. already

17. A. earnedB. receivedC. assessedD. demanded

18. A. transportation B. styleC. timeD. communication

19. A. forcedB. awkwardC. ridiculousD. suspicious

20. A. selects B. recitesC. guessesD. remembers

21. A. act onB. settle onC. check onD. agree on

22. A. clubB. leagueC. collegeD. programme

23. A. farB. aroundC. beyondD. forwards

24. A. assistB. watchC. urgeD. warm

25. A. expectsB. attemptsC. managesD. hesitates

26. A. extraB. unusualC. necessaryD. adequate

27. A. shareB. fuelC. repairD. exchange

28. A. requiredB. allowedC. remindedD. convinced

29. A. experienceB. arrangementC. appreciationD. employment

30. A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Want to explore new cultures，meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association（GDA）.Whatever stage of life you're at，wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA，you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（社區(qū)）.

We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers，mountain leaders，and communication officers.

Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water，or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.

Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.

This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes：

GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.

There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.

Find out more about joining a GDA programme:

Website:www.glodeve.org

Email:humanresources@glodeve.org

31.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?

A. To seek local partners B .To take in young volunteers

C. To carry out programmes D. To foster cultural awareness

32. The programme beginning in August will operate in

A. Egypt B. AlgeriaC. Kenya D. South Afria

33.The shared goal of GDA’s projects to

A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment

C. gain corporate benefitD. help communities in need

B

Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（創(chuàng)業(yè)者）, who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.

It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.

With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.

Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell? Moore's product-Cancandy.

As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.

Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.

34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?

A. She argued with him.B. She tried to find a way out.

C. She paid no attention.D. She chose to consult dentists.

35. What is special about CanCandy?

A. It is beneficial to dental health.B. It is free of sweeteners.

C. It is sweeter than other candies.D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.

36. What does Moore expect from her business?

A. To earn more money.B. To help others find smiles.

C. To make herself stand out.D. To beat other candy companies.

37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?

A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.

B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.

C. Positive thinking and action result in success.

D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied

C

The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year，half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺詐）.We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately，it's too little，too late. By the time these “solutions"（解決方案）become widely available，scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future，it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.

That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 處理 ) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.

These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches（數(shù)據(jù)侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name ，and far more. Armed with? this? knowledge. they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means. for example，that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's，ricking you into "confirming " your address，mother's name，and card number. Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.

We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by. or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.

Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.

38. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls?

A. Panicked.B. Confused. C. Embarrassed.????? D. Disappointed.

39. taking advantage of the new technologies，scammer can______.

A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easily

C. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread? information widely

40. What does the passage imply?

A. Honesty is the best policy.

B. Technologies can be double-edited.

C. There are more solutions than problems.

D. Credibility holds the key to development.

41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted

B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Roboealls

C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous

D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology

D

By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”

42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.

B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.

D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

43. What does the underlined word“vulnerable”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Sensitive.B. BeneficialC. Significant D. Unnoticeable

44. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.

B. Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes

C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate

D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.

45. What is the main purpose of the passage？

A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes

B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain

C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans

D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton

第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished（完成）in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.??? 46??? Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？

??? 47??? They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.

To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate（協(xié)調(diào)）their actions.???? 48????? In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”??? 49????

Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war（拔河比賽），whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.

??? 50???? .An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.

A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.

B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent

C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.

D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.

E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.

F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.

G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.

第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）

第一節(jié) (15分)

假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)好友Jim打算暑假期間來(lái)北京、天津和上海旅游，發(fā)來(lái)郵件詢問(wèn)相關(guān)信息。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.交通出行；

2.必備衣物。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)不少于50；

2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Jim，

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

(請(qǐng)務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi))

第二節(jié)（20分）

假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你們班上周組織了一次以“勞動(dòng)最光榮”為主題的社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述整個(gè)過(guò)程。

注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。

提示詞：西瓜watermelon

(請(qǐng)務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi))

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