by oneself，這個往往在句子中作狀語，可以將其省略，句子還是通順的。它強調的是方式，即一個人、獨自地。oneself在句子中作同位語、賓語、表語等。只有作同位語時，可以省略。

如the boy came to the shop himself中的himself是同位語。He isn't quite himself。他今天狀態(tài)不好。中的himself不可以省略。He enjoyed himself at the party。派對上，他玩得很開心。賓語，不可以省略。

一、反身代詞的基本形式

反身代詞是 oneself根據所指詞的人稱、性別、單復數(shù)等的變化可以有 myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式。

二、oneself與himself

當one指人時，其相應的反身代詞通常用oneself, 在美國英語中也可用himself：

One should not praise oneself [himself]. 一個人不應該自吹自擂。

三、反身代詞的句法功能

1. 用作同位語(加強被修飾詞的語氣，緊放在被修飾名詞后, 或句末)：

The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。

Mrs.Black herself is a lawyer. 布萊克太太本人就是一名律師。

You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好問司機本人。

Martin himself attended the sick man. 馬丁親自照顧病人。

Don’t trouble to come over yourself. 你不必費神親自來了。

You yourself said so. / You said so yourself. 你自己是這樣說的。

Never leave to others what you ought to do yourself. 不要把自己該做的事留給別人做。

2. 用作賓語(動詞或介詞的賓語)：

Take good care of yourself. 好好照顧你自己。

He has a right to decide for himself. 他有權為自己做出決定。

He made no complaint for himself. 他沒為自己抱怨什么。

The child can dress himself. 這孩子能自己穿衣服了。

She finally gained control of herself. 最后她控制住了自己。

She could not make herself understood. 她不能使別人聽懂她的話。

Everybody here has the influenza including myself. 包括我在內所有人都患上流感。

The child cried himself to sleep. 孩子哭著哭著睡著了。

She convinced herself that it was so. 她說服自己情況是這樣的。

He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一兩把手槍用來自衛(wèi)。